The Libyan Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Libyan Civil War - Essay Example Libya became an independent state with the enactment of its constitution in 1949 and the crowning of Muhammad Idris as Libya’s first king two years later. The regime of Idris dissolved in 1969 when Col. Muammar Qaddafi suddenly appropriated power-abolishing monarchy by changing the constitution with the establishment of Libyan Arab Republic (Joy, 2011, p.1). A Muslim Nasserite, Qaddafi held strong feelings against the western countries and started various anti west policies such as expelling the western military personnel and Libya being a prime resource of oil Qaddafi cut loose dealings and imposed several restrictions with the western world regarding the dealings in oil industry (Ogunbadejo, 1983). Qaddafi participated in the civil wars in Chad and there was an attempted assassination on him by the US troops. Al Qaida also believed that Qaddafi followed anti Islamic law and tensions aroused in Libya followed by civil wars. The Libyan uprising that started in February 2011 ap pears to be the most serious challenge faced by Qaddafi in his 42-year-old rule. Thus, it is an intrastate conflict which was internationalized owing to the issues concerned and later peace making attempts (Anderson, 1984; Thackrah, 2008) Social, political, economic and socio-cultural context The main centre of conflict culminated in the city of Benghazi located in the eastern Cyrenaican region of Libya following anti-establishment movements. In the past, also there have been conflicts in eastern Libya, which was also the center of rebellions against Ottoman and Italian rule many times. From Benghazi, the revolt spread like fire while Qaddafi ordered his troops to suppress the rebellion and he announced the intention to â€Å"fight to the last drop of blood† and also further added that the rebels were â€Å"nothing more than Al Qaeda extremists, addled by hallucinogens slipped into their milk and Nescafà ©Ã¢â‚¬ e† (Joy, April, 2011 p.2). Ruler Qaddafi followed an anti American policy, but he contributed greatly for the development of the people of Libya. For instance, he built a magnificent irrigation system in this arid desert land of Libya with an estimated budget of around $40 billion dollars, which provided ample water supply in this arid land. He was also successful in alleviating poverty and helped people attain sustainable standards of living in contrast with the subhuman conditions prevailing in its sub Saharan counterparts like Nigeria, Angola, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea. However, the main agenda behind the culmination of the conflict was that the people of Libya wanted change and were rigorously desperate for achieving fundamental freedom rather than economic or social freedom. Qaddafi himself overthrew the monarchy rule of King Idris in 1969 and established democracy that he failed to apply in his 42-year rule in the country, which he executed like his private business, and this became the centre point for the civil war in Libya (The Libyan conflict in perspective, March 7, 2011). Causes of conflict: Structural causes of conflict and Qaddafis’ domination The root cause of the conflict in Libya can be attributed to the negligence of the civil rights and

Create a critical review of an article which has made a significant Essay

Create a critical review of an article which has made a significant contribution to the field of business strategy - Essay Example During the contemporary period, it can be seen that organizations operate in a dynamic environment that is characterised by various changes such as the use of digital technology in communication. For instance, Bharadwaj et al (2013), states that â€Å"In a digitally intensive world, firms operate in business ecosystems that are intricately intertwined such that digital business strategy cannot be conceived independently of the business ecosystem, alliances, partnerships, and competitors.† This shows that digital technology has revolutionized the communication landscape and this has a bearing on the operations of any organization. This entails that organizations should also be revolutionary in their strategy formulation in order for them to keep pace with the changes that take place in the environments in which they operate. Since the business environment in which organizations operate is not static, it can be seen that strategy formulation should be an ongoing process. ... Strategy is not all about how it is implemented in business but about how well it is formulated. A poorly formulated strategy is likely to yield poor results as a result of the fact that it may be difficult to implement in the company. When formulating a strategy, different people in the organization should be involved in this process since they can also contribute revolutionary ideas. Strengths of the article The main strength of the article is that it highlights the significant of strategizing the company and it also tries to differentiate it from planning. These two concepts are often confused since they are not synonymous. A company that has strategies in place is in a better position to operate viably since it can revolutionize its operations to meet the changing demands of the environment in which the organizations operate. The other strength of the article is that it clearly states that strategy formulation should not be tied to the aspect of experience since this deprives org anizations the opportunity to revolutionize their operations. The other aspect is that organizations operate in dynamic environments that are constantly changing. This entails that the way we think should not be static as well but it should be revolutionary since it helps the people involved to generate new ideas that can revolutionise the operations of the organization. The other strength of the article is that it highlights the weaknesses that are often encountered in strategy formulation. For instance, the some people think that strategy formulation is a preserve of senior managers in the company alone. However, this misconception often leads to different